Compiled by PlainCollege, College outcomes data analysis
197
Schools
Doctoral
Credential Level
$122,666
National Avg Earnings
What the IPEDS & College Scorecard Data Shows for Biology, General
Biology, General is tracked across 197 U.S. postsecondary institutions in the College Scorecard field-of-study file, which links CIP code classifications from IPEDS to Treasury earnings records. This profile covers the doctoral credential level specifically, because the Department of Education reports program-level outcomes separately for associate, bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral awards. The CIP (Classification of Instructional Programs) taxonomy lets analysts roll up specialties into broader families, which is why earnings medians across schools can be compared on a common basis.
Across all reporting institutions, the mean of school-level medians is $122,666, calculated from 14 schools with published earnings data. The earnings distribution stretches from $70,480 at the low end to $189,144 at the top, with a 25th-75th percentile band between $96,962 and $157,286 around a median of $109,910. The top-reporting institution in this program is Massachusetts Institute of Technology at $189,144. These numbers reflect Treasury-derived wages, deferred compensation, and positive self-employment earnings four years after completion for federally aided completers who were working and not enrolled.
Variation across schools matters more than a single national figure. Completer counts and earnings cohort counts are distinct source fields, so the displayed completer count should not be assumed to be the earnings denominator. PlainCollege's debt-to-earnings ratio divides median federal debt by annual median earnings as a descriptive comparison; it is not the Department's formal gainful-employment test. Use the school-by-school table to compare reported outcomes while accounting for cohort size, suppression, program mix, and location.
University of California-San Diego accounts for 13.5% of all Biology, General doctoral credential graduates
That concentration — well above the 5% national median for largest-entity share means Biology, General-wide averages can mask meaningful variation outside the largest entity, though the remaining entities individually still carry a share worth reading on their own. That school produced 85 graduates in the most recent cohort, anchoring a meaningful slice of national supply for this field. Even a notable-but-not-dominant share like this is enough to skew a simple Biology, General-wide average away from what a typical smaller entity looks like.
Biology, General doctoral credential median earnings varies 2.7× across entities
Biology, General doctoral credential median earnings ranges from $70,480 (lowest) to $189,144 (highest), a spread of $118,664. That spread reflects typical sectoral variation between selective research institutions and broader access institutions. Earnings are measured four years after completion using Treasury-derived records for federally aided completers who were working and not enrolled. They are descriptive early-career outcomes, not forecasts of longer-term earnings.
Earnings trajectory. For the 12 schools reporting both horizons, median earnings are
88% higher four years after completion than one year
after. That is the same graduates measured twice, not two different groups, so it
describes how pay develops early in the career rather than a difference between schools.
A school missing from this count reports only one horizon.
Awards and earnings come from different reference periods, so they are not a count and an
average of the same people. Awards is the number of credentials the school reported for the
latest IPEDS year; median earnings is measured four years after completion, for a separate
pooled cohort of earlier graduates. A school can therefore report zero awards in the latest
year and still have earnings on record. The earnings figure is not the awards figure’s
average, and the awards count is not the earnings sample size. Schools are ranked on the
four-year earnings figure only, so every row is compared on the same basis.
Compare beyond the CIP family
Nationwide peers by school count & four-year earnings
Cross-field programs at the same credential level nearest Biology, General on school-count breadth
(197 schools) and mean four-year median earnings ($122,666).
Peers exclude the same two-digit CIP family so neighborhoods are not CIP-containment siblings.
School-count peers include Chemistry, Rehabilitation and Therapeutic Professions, Psychology, General. Earnings peers include Educational Administration and Supervision, Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Administration, Registered Nursing, Nursing Administration, Nursing Research and Clinical Nursing.
Neighborhoods are forced disjoint so each axis surfaces a different set of programs.
Similar school count
Nearest programs (≥50 schools) by absolute school-count breadth, outside this CIP family.
Biology, General graduates earn $122,666 on average four years after completion, across the 14 of 197 schools that report earnings for this program. Earnings range from $70,480 to $189,144 depending on the institution.
Which school's Biology, General graduates earn the most? ▼
Massachusetts Institute of Technology has the highest reported median earnings for Biology, General graduates at $189,144, measured four years after completion in College Scorecard data. This reflects what graduates went on to earn, which depends heavily on who the school admits and which employers recruit there. It is not a figure the school pays.
What credential do you get in Biology, General? ▼
Biology, General programs typically award a Doctoral credential. Earnings vary by school and credential level.
Top Schools for Biology, General
Closest schools offering this program – compare earnings side by side
Earnings data comes from the U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard Field of Study file retrieved in March 2026. The program metric displayed here represents federally aided completers who were working and not enrolled four years after credential completion, using Treasury-derived records published through the Scorecard. Completer counts and debt figures come from the same field-of-study snapshot; the Department refreshes components on schedules documented in its changelog, not one fixed annual date.